Integrated Legal Education in India!

Legal education should aim at promoting ‘Justice’ rather than just resolve disputes & improve relationship. The study of law in order to be meaningful has to be in context of social realities.

In the era of specialization it is fruitful to concentrate on a career right after twelfth and the five-year course provides ample time to build a sound background in the subject and develop professionalism. The period of five year is sufficient for a law school to equip their students with professional-skills as per the market (social) demands.

The five-year law course was introduced in 1984 to attract brilliant students into the stream of legal studies. Bar Council of India, with the support of Govt. of Karnataka, started the National Law School Of India University, at Bangalore in 1987 as center of excellence. The idea of Bar Council of India was to make the study of law as prestigious and attractive as technological and management studies in the IITs & IIMs, which are India’s premier institutes.

Originally, Bar Council of India thought of having one National Law University for the whole country as a model, later the idea got greater acceptance among educationists & administrators to have at least one such National Law University in every state.

The admission process to these law schools/universities is almost same and based on a national level entrance test comprising of the following subjects. –

(a) General Knowledge, (b) General English, (c) Legal Aptitude, (d) Reasoning, (e) Essay & (f) Elementary science

1. Significant legal events and developments,
2. Current events of national and international importance ,
3. General Science,
4. History of India,
5. Indian Polity and Economy.
Most Questions will be of multiple- choice answers. A few questions may be of subjective type and short notes on legal terms. (See with the admission notification)


THE NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITIES: -

(a). National Law School Of India University
Established under the National Law School of India Act (Karnataka Act 22 of 1986) on Aug., 29,1987.
The first academic session commenced from 1988.
It offers B.A.,LL.B. (Hons.) course.

Contact Add. –National Law School Of India University
P.O. Bag 7201, Nagarbhavi
Bangalore - 560 072. KARNATAKA, INDIA.
(www.nls.ac.in)


(b). National Academy of Legal Studies And Research,
University of Law
Andhra Pradesh Act 34 of 1998.
The first academic session commenced from 1998.
It offers B.A.,B.L.(Hons.) course.

Contact Add. – Deputy Regirstrar
NALSAR University of Law
3-4-761, Barkatpura, Hyderabad - 500 027. A.P., INDIA.

E-mail: admissions@nalsarlawuniv.org
(www.nalsarlawuniv.org)

(c).The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences
Established under the West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences Act, 1999(Act IX of 1999) by West Bengal Legislature in July 1999.
The first academic session commenced from 1999.
It offers B.A./B.Sc.,LL.B.(Hons.) courses.

Contact Add. – National University of Juridical Sciences,

NUJS Bhavan;12, LB Block,
Salt Lake City, Sector-III,
Kolkata 700098. W.B.,INDIA.
(www.nujs.edu)

(d). National Law Institute University
Established under the Act No. 41 of 1997 of the Madhya Pradesh Legislature.
The first academic session commenced from 1998.
It offers B.A.,LL.B.(Hons.) course.

Contact Add. – Professional Examination Board
Chayan Bhawan, Main Road No.-1, Chinar Park (East); Bhopal, M.P.,INDIA
E-mail: vyapam@mp.nic.in

(www.nliu.com), (www.mp.nic.in/vyapam)

(e). National Law University
Established under the Act 22 of Rajasthan in Nov. 1999.
The first academic session commenced from 2001.
It offers B.A./B.Sc./B.B.A.,LL.B.(Hons.) courses.
It also offers B.Sc.(Hons. Environmental Science/ Bio-Technology/ Information Technology & Computer Application), LL.B. (Hons.)

Contact Add. – The Registrar
National Law University
NH-65, Nagour Road,
Mandore, Jodhpur - 342304. (Raj.)INDIA.
Phone No. - 0291-2572530
E-mail: nlu-jod@raj.nic.in

(www.nlujodhpur.ac.in)

(f). Hidayatullah National Law University
Established under the Hidayatullah National University of Law, Chhattisgarh Act 2003.
The first academic session commenced from 2003. It admits two batches every year with sessions starting in July & December respectively.
It offers B.A./B.Sc., LL.B. (Hons.) courses.

Contact Add. – Hidayatullah National Law University,
HNLU Bhawan, Civil Lines, Next to Raj Bhavan,
Raipur - 492 001. C.G.,INDIA.
Phone No.- 0771-5080114, 5080117, Fax -0771-5080118

E-mail: vc@hnluraipur.com , registrar@hnluraipur.com
(www.hnluraipur.com)

(g). National Institute For Advanced Legal Studies
Established by Bar Council of Kerala & Bar Council of Kerala Trust in 2002. It is presently affiliated to Cochin University Of Science & Technology(CUSAT). It is aimed to be transformed into a National Law University/ Deemed University very soon.
The first academic session commenced from 2002.
It offers B.A., LL.B. (Hons.) course.

Contact Add. – National Institute For Advanced Legal Studies, Kaloor, Kochi - 682 017, Kerala, INDIA.
Tel: 0484 – 2337363
E - mail: nials@asianetindia.com

(www.nials.ac.in)


(h). Tamilnadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University
Established in October 1997 pursuant to the Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University Act 1996. It is not a residential university like other law schools/universities. But since 2002,The School of Excellence In Law was established so as to develop it as a Premiere institution in the country for teaching law.
The first academic session of the school commenced from 2002.
It offers B.A., B.L. (Hons.) course.

Contact Add. – The Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University
"Poompozhil" 5, Greenways Road,
Chennai-600 028. T.N.,INDIA.
Telephone: (044) 494 1212/494 1919
Fax: (044) 495 7414
E-mail: tandralu@giasmd01.vsnl.net.in

(http://www.imsc.ernet.in/~tandalau)

(i). Gujarat National Law University
Established under Gujarat National Law University Act 2003, on 12 Mar. 2003.
The first academic session commences from 2004.
It offers B.A./B.Sc./B.Com.,LL.B.(Hons.) courses.
Contact Add. – Gujarat National Law University
Old NIFT Building,
E-4 GIDC, Electronic Zone,
Gandhinagar - 382 028, Gujarat,INDIA.
(www.gnlu.ac.in)

Besides these national level law universities/schools there are various other universities offering five year integrated law course. Some of them are as follows: -

#Govt. Law College, (University of Bombay), Mumbai.
#ILS Law College, ( Univ.of Pune), Pune.
#Symbiosis Society’s Law College, (SIEC-DU), Pune.
#ICFAI Law College, ( ICFAI University), throughout India.
#Amity Law School, (GGS Indraprastha Univ.), Delhi.
#Army Institute of Law, (Punjabi University), Patiala.
#Bishop Cotton Women’s Christian Law College, (Univ. of B’lore),Banglore.
#Dayanand Law College, (Shivaji University), Solapur, M.S.
#Faculty of Law , (Goa University), Goa.
#School of Law & Legal Studies, (G.G.S.Indraprastha University),Delhi.
#IAMR Law College, (C.C.S University, Meerut), Gaziabad., U.P.
#J.S.S Law College, (Mysore University), Mysore.
#University College of Law, ( Karnatak University), Dharwad
#B.V.Bellad Law College, (Karnataka University), Belgaum.
#Faculty of Law, (Aligarh Muslim University), Aligarh, U.P.
#Faculty of Law, (Jamia Millia Islamia), Delhi-25.
#National College of Law, ( Kovempu University), Simoga, KAR.
#National Law College, (M.D.University,Rohtak), Sec-42 Gurgaon, HR.
#Faculty of Law, (Mohan Lal Sukhadia University), Udaipur,Raj.
#Faculty of Law, (Rani Durgawati Vishwavidhyalaya), Jabalpur, M.P.
#Faculty of Law, University of Calcutta, Senate House, Kolkata- 73.
#Faculty of Law, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, W.B.
#University Law College/ Madhusudan Law College, (Utkal University), Bhubaneswar-4.

Many-affiliated colleges to above mentioned Universities offer five year integrated law course. For details check with the respective universities.


By,
Ashwini Kumar Singh
Director - DREDS,
Gopalganj.

http://www.patnadaily.com/index.php/career.html

Education vs Bihar!

It is not a hidden fact that, Bihar is among the few states whose share in production of National Human power is high. But no one of them actually wants to contribute to the state. Migration is at the maximum it can be. Its all due to the system (educational/political).

We are the only large state in India which has no college/university/institute with the "A" grade certification of NAAC [National Accreditation and Assessment Council] of UGC.

How shameful is it to hear? Nearly 25% of the primary school teachers are found absent from schools. All colleges (intermediate & degree, except some in the big towns) are either yet to be provided with faculties/facilities/equipments/funds/books for libraries etc. There are laboratories in the intermediate colleges (I can not comment on the degree colleges as they are in the hands of the different affiliated universities) but neither the student is familiar with the practical classes nor they are motivated to attend a very-very few theoretical classes.

The situation is such that students have to depend upon private tuitions/coaching institutions largely run by the govt. teachers/ lecturers/ unemployed youths. You can realise the condition of a poor student who can only rely upon the hot "guess papers" available just before intermediate examination. At least the teachers of Govt. plus-two/inter colleges should do their "duties". My request is to the Secretary of Bihar Intermediate Education Council [BIEC]. He must ensure that all the schools/colleges under BIEC are implementing the strict education pattern/teaching hour/practical classes/attendance/other extra curricular activities etc. as required at plus two level. This complaint may go very long, but the point is that the students should not be left behind in the current education pattern.

Food Technology - A good career option!

Food Technology - A good career option!

The Career
Processed and preserved foodstuffs have been among the most remarkable catalysts for bringing about change in the food habits of a substantially large urban population. From eating merely for subsistence, people now show preference for supplementing their diet with value-added foodstuffs. Increase in consumption of processed foods is noticeable across various categories of the population and the trend of 'eating out' has grown manifold. With these trends the market for processed food is growing significantly and it is expected that the food industry should grow rapidly and cross the two hundred thousand crore mark by the turn of the century.

The domestic industry has been largely handled by the disorganized sector in the past. However, with growth on the anvil, investment and restructuring is required in processing, retailing and for setting up cooperatives as well as for streamlining the agricultural inputs sector to enhance the growth of this industry. Food production, procurement, processing, distribution networks and retailing are attracting large integrated players into the field. With the open market policies of the government, this industry has attracted multinational participation. This industry should offer tremendous opportunities to qualified food technologists and entrepreneurs.

The Nature of Job

Food Technology is the study of sciences related to food processing, which involves preservation of fruits, sea food, meats, cooked foods, vegetables, juices and beverages and also the manufacture of confectionary, snacks, foodstuffs and packaging.
The tasks: Research for devising new and improved food processing techniques. Guiding the processing, conservation and preservation of foodstuffs. Creating new foodstuffs generated from plant and animal life. Improving existing techniques for economizing, processing, adding value, creating new tastes for providing impetus to marketing and consumption of processed foodstuffs. Evolving measures such as infestation control, fungicidal treatment and insecticidal storage to protect foods from spoiling and damage. Examining foodstuffs for contamination, adulteration, food value, etc. by biochemical and nutrition tests and quality control measures. Developing new methods and processes for recovering useful and utilizable by products from industrial and domestic wastes of foodstuffs.

Who should pursue it?

If you have analytical mind, keen observation, interest in chemistry and foodstuffs, you will find this field interesting. Interest in flavors, tastes, healthy foods and marketing will be of value.

Where will it take you?

Food technologists work in industries manufacturing mostly all kinds of foodstuff. They work for quality control in the manufacturing sector, supervising the production process. The manufacturing industries use their expertise in monitoring the storage, processing, hygiene, temperatures and experimenting for making new preparations.

Food technologists also work in hotels, hospitals, packaging industries, distilleries, soft drink factories, spices, cereals and rice mills.

Study Routes

Students after Class XII (PCB/ mathematics/agriculture) can pursue graduation in Food Technology.

Graduation in Food technology, chemical technology/chemistry, agricultural sciences, dairy technology/dairy sciences, can be followed by postgraduate in the subject.

Where to study?

Diploma Courses

Food Analysis and Quality Assurance/Food Science Technology

#SNDT Women's University, 1, Nathibai Thackersay Road, Mumbai 400020.
#University of Madras, Centenary of Madras, Centenary Buildings, Chepauk, Chennai 600005.

Graduate Courses B.Sc. (Food Technology) & B.Tech (Food Technology)

Bachelor of Applied Sciences(B.A.Sc.) Food Technology

#University of Delhi, Delhi 110007
Contact: Dean, Faculty of Inter-Disciplinary and Applied Sciences, South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021.
The two colleges offering the above course are as follows: (1). Bhaskracharya College Of Applied Sciences;Sector - 2, Dwarka, New Delhi. (2). Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Sciences for Women; Jhilmil Colony, Vivek Vihar, New Delhi 110095. (http://www.rajgurucollege.org)

B.Sc. with Food Technology

#Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431004
#Manipur University, Imphal 795003
#Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills PO, Kottayam 686560

B.Sc. with Food Science

#Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded 431603

B.Sc. with Food and Nutrition

#Kakatiya University, Warangal 506009
#University of Calcutta, Calcutta 700073
#Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marabwada University, Aurangabad 431004
#University of Delhi, Delhi 110007
#University of Mysore, Mysore 570073

B.Sc. with Food Preservation

#University of Madras, Chennai-600005
#University of Calcutta, Calcutta-700073

B.Tech. (Food Engineering)

#Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Distt. Satna 485331 (M.P.)
#Kanpur University, Kanpur 208024 (UP) (M.Tech. is also available)

Postgraduate Courses [M.Sc., M.Tech., and B.Tech in some universities after B.Sc.]

M.Sc. (Food Technology)

#Central Food Technological Research Institute CFTRI); Deptt. Human Resource Dev., Chelumba Mansion, Mysore 570013. (www.cftri.org). It is a premiere institution for study and research in Food Technology.

B.Tech. (Food Technology & Bio Chemical Engg.)

#Jadavpur University, Calcutta 700032 [After B.Sc. (Hons.) Chemistry]

B.Sc. Tech (after B.Sc.)

#Nagpur University, Nagpur 440001
#University of Bombay, Port, Mumbai 400032 (M.Sc. Tech is available in Food Technology and in Fermentation Technology).

M.Sc. (Food Science)

#Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003 (A.P.)

M.Sc. (Food Technology)

#Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Pantnagar 263145 (U.P.) (M.Sc. Food and Nutrition is offered by the faculty of Home Science).

M.Sc. in Food and Fermentation Technology and Food Sc.Tech.

#Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005 (Punjab)

M.Sc. (Food and Nutrition)

#University of Mysore, Mysore 570005 (after Home Science)
#Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003
#University of Agricultural Sciences, Krishinagar, Dharwad 580003

M.Tech. (Food Technology and Engineering)

#University Of Mumbai, Institute of Chemical Technology [UICT]; Matunga, Mumbai 400019. (www.udct.org)
#Harcourt Butler Technological Institute [HBTI], Kanpur 208002. (http://www.hbti.edu)

For details please refer to the admission notification and for more information to the website of respective universities. Visit: http://goidirectory.nic.in/university.htm


By,
Ashwini Kumar Singh
Director - DREDS,
Gopalganj.

http://www.patnadaily.com/index.php/career.html

Each One, Teach One!

This refers to all those young/intellectual persons of the great land of Bihar who are doing well in all areas.

My request to all of them is that, instead of making comment on the present political scenario & criticising over the education system in Bihar, you all must follow the slogan -"Each one, Teach one". The point is if you are really eager to do something for the people of Bihar, you can do it by means of providing education to a student. It doesn't imply that you need to be very rich or very educated person. If you can provide basic education to a deserving child then it is very good, but if you can't then at least you can motivate them / counsel them / guide them / give them moral support / make them realise the importance of education. And when education will prevail in the state then no longer you will feel the need to criticise on the political scenario & the education system. The day when you will apply the slogan on yourself, you will feel a great satisfaction.

Ashwini Kumar Singh,
Director - DREDS,
Gopalganj.